Home PublicationsChiropractic Journal of AustraliaBack Issues: 1990-1999Volume 25 Vol.25 Issue 2

Editorial: Our Second Century: Will the Big Idea Survive?
Chance MA, Peters RE

1910: A Significant Year (or The New Zealand Influence)
Peters RE, Chance MA

George Theroux and the Type O/Type M Dilemma (or the Ross Coulthard Story)
Peters RE, Chance MA

A Review of the Neurological Concepts of 1895
Ebrall P

The Enigma of Illi's Ligament
Rome PL

Medical Referral for Chiropractic Care: The Practitioners' Perspective
Jamison JR

Cervical Rotational Effects on Vertebral Artery Flow: A Case Study
Haynes MJ

ABSTRACTS

Editorial: Our Second Century: Will the Big Idea Survive?

Chance MA, Peters RE.

The relationship between the personal character of early chiropractors and the way the profession developed in Australia and New Zealand is highlighted, and the question asked whether the present generation's infatuation with the trappings of science and mainstream practice at the expense of our philosophical roots might threaten the survival of the profession's identity.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):25-41

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1910: A Significant Year (or The New Zealand Influence).

Peters RE, Chance MA.

Chiropractic was introduced into Australia in the early part of the twentieth century. Mainstream chiropractic is defined and pioneer chiropractors who introduced mainstream chiropractic into New Zealand and the various Australian states are identified. The influence of New Zealand on early Australian chiropractic is acknowledged.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):42-9

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George Theroux and the Type O/ Type M Dilemma (or the Ross Coulthard Story)

Peters RE, Chance MA

As we commemorate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of chiropractic and the 75th anniversary of the establishment of mainstream chiropractic in Australia, we look back at the early pioneers of the chiropractic profession in Australia. A small sketch of George Theroux is presented, together with the story of Ross Garfield Coulthard, who was the first Australian-born chiropractor to complete fifty years of service.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):50-5

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A Review of the Neurological Concepts of 1895.

Ebrall P.

Objective: To place the neurological concepts of Daniel David Palmer into historical context by reviewing the state of related knowledge of neurology in 1895, the year in which Palmer founded chiropractic.
Design: Hand search of the 1895 English language volumes conveniently available in a repository of historical medical literature, and notation of matters thought of relevance by the author to the science and practice of chiropractic today, with comparative reference to the concepts of the founder of chiropractic, D.D. Palmer, as published in his seminal text of 1910.
Setting: The Brownless Medical Library of the University of Melbourne, Australia.
Main Observations: The ten years leading up to 1895 saw abundant literature describing clinical and pathological features of diseases of the spinal cord. Within the mainstream of neurological knowledge, sympathetic pain was recognised and the doctrine of reflex neurosis widely discussed. The London physiologist, Sherrington, continued to publish results from his anatomical studies of nerves of skeletal muscles. Clinicians were becoming familiar with the knee-jerk reflex and the meanings of its absence or exaggeration. The concepts of "nerve energy" and "tone" were promulgated, along with inhibitory mechanisms which controlled the "nerve force." Nerve compression was thought a valid precursor of neural inflammation, and visceral disease was identified as referring pain and tenderness.
Conclusions: Palmer appeared to be as well educated in neurology as his medical peers and his concepts, such as tone and neuritis, were well within the mainstream of thought in 1895. Palmer's precepts and approach can only be seen as well founded, and indeed, given the radical thought of some within medicine at that time, as somewhat conservative.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):56-60>

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The Enigma of Illi's Ligament.

Rome PL.

The enigma of illi's ligament has simmered for some forty years. In an attempt to help clarify the mystery, this paper examines a plethora of both hard and circumstantial evidence. Some tentative conclusions have been drawn which may make the picture somewhat clearer. This paper finds a strong case for the existence of the ligament, but that conclusive proof still eludes final clarification and classification. It also discusses the discovery of yet another sacroiliac ligament by French researchers.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):61-6

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Medical Referral for Chiropractic Care: The Practitioners' Perspective.

Jamison JR.

Aim: To ascertain whether intraprofessional disagreement about which conditions are amenable to and criteria are suitable for medical referral to chiropractic care may act as an obstacle to functional inclusion of chiropractic into the Australian health care referral system.
Method: One thousand and twenty-eight questionnaires were mailed to all the chiropractors on the Victorian, Queensland and Western Australian registers. Closed questions were used, and respondents were asked to indicate whether they agreed, disagreed or were undecided about the appropriateness of a list of conditions and referral criteria which may be used to form the basis of medical decision-making for chiropractic referral.
Results: Forty-three percent (43%) of those receiving the questionnaire responded. Although there was stronger consensus about referral of patients with the listed musculoskeletal conditions, there was also substantial agreement about referring patients with certain chronic visceral conditions for chiropractic care. The majority of respondents also concurred about the criteria upon which such referral should be based. Willingness amongst respondents to accept patients with criteria which suggests medical conditions does, however, imply that it is important that chiropractors keep abreast of diagnostic and therapeutic advances in medical care.
Conclusions: Within this sample, disagreement between chiropractors regarding conditions responsive to and referral criteria appropriate for chiropractic care cannot be construed as a barrier to incorporating chiropractic into the Australian referral network.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):67-72

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Cervical Rotational Effects on Vertebral Artery Flow: A Case Study.

Haynes MJ.

This case report illustrates the potential that simple Doppler ultrasound may have in assessing the effects of cervical rotation on vertebral artery flow prior to cervical manipulation by chiropractors. The ultrasound showed marked flow restriction in the right vertebral artery flow with cervical rotation to the left. Comparisons between continuous wave Doppler and duplex scanning revealed some discrepancies that were probably due to technical artifact with the former and which need to be taken into consideration when performing similar studies. The technique of examination is described.

Chiropractic J Aust 1995 Jun;25(2):73-6

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